Establishing the Principles: Arabic – Sarf – Book 1 – Class 30

 بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم

Our teacher began with praising Allaah and sending salaat and salaam on the Messenger of Allaah, his family, companions and followers until the Last Day and began:

Exercises >>>

(Extra: Here you can witness the benefit on memorizing those treaties. You will have a good amount of vocabulary memorized you will have something to go back to and practice and apply to.

It is part of the plan to focus those treaties which are recommended to be memorized, so that when we finish the first levels of each field of knowledge we will have something to apply what we have learned on. )

Exercise 1:

Continuing with the exercise from القَوَاعِدُ الأربَع mentioning the detached dhameer and scale the verb belongs to.

Verb 18:

 وَذَلِكَ بِمَعْرِفَةِ أَرْبَعِ قَوَاعِدَ ذَكَرَهَا اللهُ تَعَالَى فِي كِتَابِهِ

• ذَكَرَهَا – ذَكَرَ – Its Detached Dhameer is هُوَ
• It is on the scale of فَعَلَ

Verb 19:

أَنْ تَعْلَمَ أَنَّ الْكُفَّارَ الَّذِينَ قَاتَلَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ , مُقِرُّونَ بِأَنَّ اللهَ هُوُ الْخَالِقُ الرَّازِقُ المُحيِ المُمِيتُ الْمُدَبِّرُ

• تَعلَم – Its Detached Dhameer is أنتَ
• It is on the scale of تَفعَل

Verb 20, 21, 22 and 23:

 قُلْ مَن يَرْزُقُكُم مِّنَ السَّمَاءِ وَالأَرْضِ أَمَّن يَمْلِكُ السَّمْعَ والأَبْصَارَ وَمَن يُخْرِجُ الْحَيَّ مِنَ الْمَيِّتِ وَيُخْرِجُ الْمَيَّتَ مِنَ الْحَيِّ وَمَن يُدَبِّرُ الأَمْرَ فَسَيَقُولُونَ اللّهُ فَقُلْ أَفَلاَ تَتَّقُونَ

Say (O Muhammad ): “Who provides for you from the sky and from the earth? Or who owns hearing and sight? And who brings out the living from the dead and brings out the dead from the living? And who disposes the affairs?” They will say: “Allah.” Say: “Will you not then be afraid of Allah’s Punishment (for setting up rivals in worship with Allah)?” [10:31]

• يَرزُقُكُم – يَرزُقُ – Its Detached Dhameer is هُوَ and it is on the scale of يَفعُلُ
• يَملِكُ – Its Detached Dhameer is هُوَ and it is on the scale of يَفعِلُ (‘Aynul Kalimah here is the Laam and it has a kasrah)
• فَسَيَقُولُونَ – يَقُولُونَ – Its Detached Dhameer is هُم and it is on the scale of يَفعُلُونَ (Yaqooloona/They all say)
• تَتَّقُون – Its Detached Dhameer is أنتُم and it is on the scale of تَفعَلُون

*Note: The harakah of the ‘Ayn (‘Aynul Kalimah) changes In the Maadh and the Mudaari’ according to the different Chapters. *

Reminder: تَفعَلُون The ‘taa’ is originally used when Speaking to someone – We add the Waaw when a group is involved and the Noon expresses the grammatical state.

Verb 24:

 أُنَّهُمْ يَقُولُونَ

• يَقُولُونَ – Its Detached Dhameer is هُم and it is on the scale of يَفعُلُونَ
Here there is a slightly different between word weighed and the scale , and this ustaadh will explain us in shaa Allaah.

Verb 25, 26 and 27:

 وَالَّذِينَ اتَّخَذُوا مِن دُونِهِ أَوْلِيَآء مَا نَعْبُدُهُمْ إِلاَّ لِيُقَرِّبُونَا إِلَى اللَّهِ زُلْفَى إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَحْكُمُ بَيْنَهُمْ فِي مَا هُمْ فِيهِ يَخْتَلِفُونَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لاَ يَهْدِي مَنْ هُوَ كَاذِبٌ كَفَّارٌ

And those who take Auliya’ (protectors and helpers) besides Him (say): “We worship them only that they may bring us near to Allah.” Verily, Allah will judge between them concerning that wherein they differ. Truly, Allah guides not him who is a liar, and a disbeliever. [39:3]

• نَعبُدُهُم – نَعبُدُ – Its Detached Dhameer is نَحنُ and it is on the scale of نَفعُلُ
• يَحكُمُ – Its Detached Dhameer is هُوَ and it is on the scale of يَفعُلُ
• يَهدِي – Its Detached Dhameer is هُوَ and it is on the scale of يَفعِلُ (يَهدِي is originally يَهدِيُ ‘yahdiyu’)

Reminder: We use the Noon (one of the letters of the Mudaari’) only in one case, when we speak about ourselves .

Verb 28

 وَيَعْبُدُونَ مِن دُونِ اللّهِ مَا لاَ يَضُرُّهُمْ وَلاَ يَنفَعُهُمْ وَيَقُولُونَ هَـؤُلاء شُفَعَاؤُنَا عِندَ اللّهِ

And they worship besides Allah things that hurt them not, nor profit them, and they say: “These are our intercessors with Allah.” [10:18]

• يَعبُدُونَ – Its Detached Dhameer is هُم and it is on the scale of يَفعُلُونَ

Exercise 2:

Give the verb the form it belongs to:

(Note: The harakah of the ‘Ayn changes)

The Maadhiy  فَعَلَ , فَعِلَ, قَعُلَ                           The Mudaari’  يَفعَلُ, يَفعِلُ, يَفعُلُ

يَفعَلُ < —  يَشرَبُ                                                              فَعَلَ  <—  ضَرَبَ

يَفعَلُ < —  يَركَبُ                                                                 فَعَلَ  <—  أَخَذَ

يَفعَلُ < —  يَجعَلُ                                                               فَعِلَ  <—  شَرِبَ

يَفعِلُ < —  يَعرِفُ                                                                فَعِلَ  <—  رَكِبَ

يَفعِلُ < —  يَجلِسُ                                                               فَعَلَ  <—  جَلَسَ

يَفعُلُ < —  يَمرُقُ                                                                فَعَلَ  <—  صَبَرَ

يَفعُلُ < —  يَعبُدُ                                                                 فَعَلَ  <—  شَكَرَ

فَعِلَ  <—  رَغِمَ

فَعُلَ  <—  شَرُفَ

فَعُلَ  <—  كَرُمَ

فَعُلَ  <—  حَسُنَ

فَعِلَ  <—  وَثِقَ

فَعُلَ  <—  سَمُوَ

فَعَلَ  <—  عَدَلَ

فَعَلَ  <—  وَسَقَ

فَعَلَ  <—  عَبَسَ

 

Exercise 3:       

Mention the scale of the highlighted verb in the Verse given:

1st Verse:

 قَالَا رَبَّنَا ظَلَمْنَا أَنفُسَنَا وَإِن لَّمْ تَغْفِرْ لَنَا وَتَرْحَمْنَا لَنَكُونَنَّ مِنَ الْخَاسِرِينَ

They said: “Our Lord! We have wronged ourselves. If You forgive us not, and bestow not upon us Your Mercy, we shall certainly be of the losers.” [7:23]

• ظَلَمنَا عَلَى وَزنِ فَعَلنَا –

• – ‘ظَلَمنَا  is on the scale of  فَعَلنَا’

2nd Verse:

 فَقَالُوا رَبَّنَا بَاعِدْ بَيْنَ أَسْفَارِنَا وَظَلَمُوا أَنفُسَهُمْ فَجَعَلْنَاهُمْ أَحَادِيثَ وَمَزَّقْنَاهُمْ كُلَّ مُمَزَّقٍ

But they said: “Our Lord! Make the stages between our journey longer,” and they wronged themselves, so We made them as tales (in the land), and We dispersed them all, totally…. [34:19]

• ظَلَمُوا عَلَى وَزنِ فَعَلُوا

• ‘ ظَلَمُوا  is on the scale of  فَعَلُوا’

3rd Verse :

قَالَ أَمَّا مَن ظَلَمَ فَسَوْفَ نُعَذِّبُهُ ثُمَّ يُرَدُّ إِلَىٰ رَبِّهِ فَيُعَذِّبُهُ عَذَابًا نُّكْرًا

He said: “As for him (a disbeliever in the Oneness of Allah) who does wrong, we shall punish him; and then he will be brought back unto his Lord; Who will punish him with a terrible torment (Hell). [18:87]

• ظَلَمَ عَلَى وَزنِ فَعَلَ

• ‘ ظَلَمَ  is on the scale of  فَعَلَ ’

4th Verse:

 قَالَتْ رَبِّ إِنِّي ظَلَمْتُ نَفْسِي وَأَسْلَمْتُ مَعَ سُلَيْمَانَ لِلَّـهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ

” She said: “My Lord! Verily, I have wronged myself, and I submit (in Islam, together with Sulaiman (Solomon), to Allah, the Lord of the ‘Alamin (mankind, jinns and all that exists).” [27:44]

• ظَلَمتُ عَلَى وَزنِ فَعَلتُ

• ‘ ظَلَمتُ  is on the scale of فَعَلتُ ’

5th Verse:

 وَلَوْ أَنَّ لِكُلِّ نَفْسٍ ظَلَمَتْ مَا فِي الْأَرْضِ لَافْتَدَتْ بِهِ

And if every person who had wronged (by disbelieving in Allah and by worshipping others besides Allah), possessed all that is on earth, … [10:54]

• ظَلَمَتْ عَلَى وَزنِ فَعَلَتْ 

• ظَلَمَتْ  is on the scale of فَعَلَتْ’

6th Verse:

 مَن لَّعَنَهُ اللَّـهُ وَغَضِبَ عَلَيْهِ وَجَعَلَ مِنْهُمُ الْقِرَدَةَ وَالْخَنَازِيرَ وَعَبَدَ الطَّاغُوتَ

those (Jews) who incurred the Curse of Allah and His Wrath, those of whom (some) He transformed into monkeys and swines, those who worshipped Taghut (false deities); [5:60]

• عَبَدَ عَلَى وَزنِ فَعَلَ 

• ‘عَبَدَ  is on the scale of  فَعَلَ’

7th Verse:

 وَلَا أَنَا عَابِدٌ مَّا عَبَدتُّمْ

“And I shall not worship that which you are worshipping. [109:4]

• عَبَدتُم عَلَى وَزنِ فَعَلتُم

• ‘عَبَدتُم  is on the scale of  فَعَلتُم’

8th Verse

وَقَالَ الَّذِينَ أَشْرَكُوا لَوْ شَاءَ اللَّـهُ مَا عَبَدْنَا مِن دُونِهِ مِن شَيْءٍ نَّحْنُ وَلَا آبَاؤُنَا وَلَا حَرَّمْنَا مِن دُونِهِ مِن شَيْءٍ

And those who join others in worship with Allah say: “If Allah had so willed, neither we nor our fathers would have worshipped aught but Him, nor would we have forbidden anything without (Command from) Him.” [16:35]

• عَبَدنَا عَلَى وَزنِ فَعَلنَا

• ‘عَبَدنَا  is on the scale of  فَعَلنَا’

9th Verse:

 فَوَجَدَا عَبْدًا مِّنْ عِبَادِنَا آتَيْنَاهُ رَحْمَةً مِّنْ عِندِنَا وَعَلَّمْنَاهُ مِن لَّدُنَّا عِلْمًا

Then they found one of Our slaves, unto whom We had bestowed mercy from Us, and whom We had taught knowledge from Us. [18:65]

• وَجَدَا عَلَى وَزنِ فَعَلاَ

• ‘وَجَدَا  is on the scale of فَعَلاَ ’

10th Verse:

 فَمَن لَّمْ يَجِدْ فَصِيَامُ ثَلَاثَةِ أَيَّامٍ فِي الْحَجِّ وَسَبْعَةٍ إِذَا رَجَعْتُمْ تِلْكَ عَشَرَةٌ كَامِلَةٌ

…but if he cannot afford it, he should observe Saum (fasts) three days during the Hajj and seven days after his return (to his home), making ten days in all …[2:196]

• رَجَعتُم عَلَى وَزنِ فَعَلتُم 

• ‘رَجَعتُم is on the scale of  فَعَلتُم’

11th Verse

 فَلَوْلَا نَفَرَ مِن كُلِّ فِرْقَةٍ مِّنْهُمْ طَائِفَةٌ لِّيَتَفَقَّهُوا فِي الدِّينِ وَلِيُنذِرُوا قَوْمَهُمْ إِذَا رَجَعُوا إِلَيْهِمْ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَحْذَرُونَ

Of every troop of them, a party only should go forth, that they (who are left behind) may get instructions in (Islamic) religion, and that they may warn their people when they return to them, so that they may beware (of evil). [9:122]

• رَجَعُوا عَلَى وَزنِ فَعَلُوا

• ‘رَجَعُوا  is on the scale of  فَعَلُوا’

Exercise 3:

Take out the verb from the verse by just mentioning the scale it belongs to.

1st Verb:

 فَفَرَرْتُ مِنكُمْ

“So I fled from you …. [26:21]

• فَعَلتُ taken from the verb فَرَرتُ

2nd Verb:

 وَنَزَعَ يَدَهُ فَإِذَا هِيَ بَيْضَاءُ لِلنَّاظِرِينَ

And he drew out his hand, and behold! it was white (with radiance) for the beholders. [7:108] and [26:33]

• فَعَلَ taken from the verb نَزَعَ

3rd and 4^th Verb:

 فَبَصُرَتْ بِهِ عَن جُنُبٍ وَهُمْ لَا يَشْعُرُونَ

” So she (his sister) watched him from a far place secretly, while they perceived not. [28:11]

• فَعُلَتْ taken from the verb بَصُرَتْ
• يَفعُلُون taken from the verb يَشعُرُون

~~~ End of Dars ~~~

الحمد لله والصلاة والسلام على رسول الله

Notes transcribed by: Umm Sufyaan Al Maghribiyyah 

Screen Shots:

                                                     

Tagged: Ver